Content is a set of roots that can belong to one of the following types:
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You can set up a special Production output path for the source roots.
The files under the Source roots are interpreted according to their type. IntelliJ IDEA can parse, inspect, index, and compile the contents of these roots.
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Java classes in the test folders can depend on Java classes in the source folders, but not vice versa. You can set up a special output path for the test roots.
The files under the Test roots are interpreted according to their type. IntelliJ IDEA can parse, inspect and compile the contents of these roots.
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Excluded roots are not visible to IntelliJ IDEA. Usually, one would like to exclude temporary build folders, generated output, logs, and other project output. Excluding the unnecessary paths is a good way to significantly improve performance.